True or False: Repeated measures designs generally involve testing the same participants multiple times.

Repeated measures designs indeed involve testing the same participants multiple times. This approach allows researchers to assess the same individuals across different conditions or over time, thereby controlling for individual differences in response because each participant serves as their own control. This method enhances the sensitivity of the study to detect changes and reduces variability because the same individuals are being compared against their own previous responses.

The ability to measure changes within individuals is critical in various fields, including psychology, where one may want to observe the effects of a treatment or intervention over multiple time points. In contrast, other designs, such as between-group designs, involve testing different participants across conditions rather than the same individuals repeatedly. While longitudinal studies incorporate repeated measures, they are not the only context in which this design is utilized, making the other options less accurate. Therefore, stating that repeated measures designs involve testing the same participants multiple times accurately reflects their fundamental characteristic.